Does it pay to have beautiful, elegant and high quality linens? Is this important to you? For some, I guess, it is really important. Just try to imagine having a newly built luxurious house in your community. The owner of it invited you for a dinner at their eye-catching crib. Eventually, as you enter in the so-called luxurious house, you’re bothered by its environment itself.

What am I trying to point out to you is that, it is important to have a touch of high quality linens and comfort wear for your house. So, before going further, what’s the entire buzz with Private Quarters?

Digging the company history, this direct selling-focused industry was founded last 2004 by Jeff Stroud and Wayne Selness, his partner which is originally from his father’s team up.

Long after Jeff Stroud discovered that in Direct Selling Association, there were no company selling bed and bath linens as its spotlight. This brought him the idea of having born this company, to continue his father’s tradition of selling quality home textiles, which then was sold and in the end closed.

From starting at 10, 000 square foot warehouse from a scratch, servicing a small group of independent consultants who held parties and in-home sales demonstrations at early 2004, to presently operated 50, 000 square foot facility in City of industry, California.

Residing at a fast growing, national business area in California, they are blessed with hundreds of independent PQ Comfort Consultants from different places selling millions of dollars of home textile.

Apart from the company’s history, I love to look at its values and mission, too, because this is where we perceive a company’s solidity in running the business. Mixed them up will create a relationship among the team’s success and future upbringings.

Be comfortable with who you are.

Be comfortable with what you have to share.

Be comfortable with what you have to contribute.

The First Paradigm – Age of Information (circa 1980 – 2000)

Information, coming in, captured the then market realities. It represented the collective market notions such as ideas, beliefs, etc. for a given time period. The Information Gradient (IG), the rate at the which a given information changed – proven, disprove etc. was fairly linear. In other words, the market behaviour was within the predictable limits of Organizational Think-tanks (OT).

The Second Paradigm – The Rise and Fall of Real Time Information (circa 2000 – 2012)

The changing market dynamics brought new problems to these OT. The IG lost its linearity. It became a victim to unforeseen market forces, and thus became more skewed. The Information captured did not convincingly represent the market notions.

It was then time for the next paradigm shift – the Real Time Information (RIT). But, RIT never represented information at all. It was a screenshot of the market notions at any point of time. It allowed the OT to ‘trust’ the market forces before taking any strategic decision.

It worked well for a while. Until RIT started losing the ‘realness’ of the information. As the real-time capturing of information peaked, companies started becoming more aspirational. They wanted information created a moment ago. While the technological advancements made it possible to capture and deliver information real-time, these companies found it difficult to put this information into perspective. For a vital component of the information made no sense – how useful is this piece of information for the immediate decisions to be made and its integrity for long-term strategic decisions.

The era of RIT came to end.

The Third Paradigm – The Age of Acformation (Present)

RIT is dead. How could a piece of information captured a minute ago make sense? More so, when information captured a minute ago will not be the same as the information that is to be captured the next minute. Especially in an industry such as Apparel or Footwear where the fashion trends are changing.

RIT lacks a continuity, in terms of aiding the business in taking market decisions.

Acformation was born. It stands for Actionable Information.

Acformation is radically different. It does not capture or represent information at all.

Acformation, in essence, represents the rate of change of information. In other words, it represents IG. IG is a meta-information, i.e. information about Information. It provides the much need context for the information, and is thus, Actionable.

Understand your company’s Information Structure

As a retailer, you need to understand the Information Structure of your business.

Primary Information (PI)

Stock Levels

What do you have? How much of it do you have?

Sales

What has been sold?

How much of it has been sold?

Secondary (or Meta) Information (SI)

What did this customer buy?

How much did the customer buy?

What is the Customer Profile?

What is the customer buying history?

Miscellaneous Information (MI)

Company Performance

Accounts and Balance.

Actionable Information (AI)

Given the PI, SI & MI levels, how disposed is the customer (or a group of them) to buy in the future?

How likely will the purchase be made?

How frequent will this happen?

Will there any change in their preferences as result?

How resources is your shop in making this happen?

OPENING BELL:

With the corporate laws becoming stricter in India and the ‘Right-To-Information’ Act being enforced in the ‘right’ spirit, coupled with the hyperactive media & proliferation of social networking websites, the word ‘Transparency’ has acquired a new meaning in the world of business. Till early 1990s, the word ‘transparency’ was just not in the business lexicon and today it is a stringent legal, a professional, business and a societal necessity.

Like a coin, the word ‘transparency’ has two sides. One side pertains to the information that the organization shares with the outer world (like government agencies, investors, business magazines, news channels, and voluntary organizations) for compelling reasons and the other side is about the stuff that the organization feeds or notifies to the employees for the intended reasons.

In the contemporary world, the employees are far more conscious and vocal about their rights. In fact, feeding them information is equal to “what the doctor ordered”; give them a little information and they ask for more. Why? Because they believe that the information (like knowledge) is power and more information is decidedly better than no or half information.

Employees born after 1992 (known as Gen x or Gen Alpha) are the blessed ones as they have escaped the era of ‘information starvation’. When they were growing up, India was getting progressively liberalized and information was becoming available more easily. Consequently, they became adult with the ‘mindset’ that they have a (legitimate) right to expect, get and receive information that affects them.

As of now, it seems that the HR profession in India has taken the partial cognizance of this ‘info savvy’ or ‘info hungry’ employees and their expectations for the ‘transparency’ in information sharing (within and from the organization). What information the ‘info hungry’ employees expect from the management or the company?

Let us explore in a telescopic way, i.e. from the personal level and to the organization level, and look at the instructive list of the information needs.

As an employee – Individual & direct information needs:

• How is my compensation calculated and what is my take-home pay?
• How do I plan for my income tax?
• What are the HR policies applicable to me and what each policy means? Whom should I give feedback?
• What are my entitlements and how & when do I receive or claim them?
• What are the performance measurement criteria applicable to me?
• How will I grow or get promoted and approximately within what time-frame?
• Whom should I speak to in case of any difficulty, personal or professional?
• What are the unwritten but important Dos and Don’ts, behavioral and otherwise, of the organization?
• Who are the key members of my immediate senior management and what are their profiles?

As a team (cross-functional) member – Individual, collective & direct information needs:

• Why I am chosen as a member? Why others are chosen as team members?
• What are the goals of this team?
• Why a particular employee has been appointed as the chief?
• Whom the team will report to?
• What is the timeline for presenting the outcomes?
• What resources the team has at its disposal?
• Will my job be at stake if the team does not deliver as expected?
• What are the extra privileges available to a team member?
• How the conflicts within the team will be resolved?
• How will my performance as a team member be linked to my annual performance appraisal?
• Who will help if I or the team requires training or other support?
• What if my Functional Supervisor hinders my participation in the team’s work?

As a member of the Function/Department/Unit – Individual, collective & direct information needs:

• How my function/department/unit has fared this year?
• Why my boss has assessed my performance as inadequate when the function/department/unit has done so well? Does that imply that the ‘sword is likely to be on my neck’?
• Why our function/department/unit is treated like an orphan by the management?
• Why I am not being given challenging assignments?
• What are the key developments in other functions/departments/units of the company?
• Why employees of other functions/departments/units get better or more benefits?

As a member of the organization – Individual & indirect information needs:

• What are the core values of my company?
• How my company has performed during the specific period and what are the central reasons for the performance?
• What are the significant developments (political issues, competition related, mergers, acquisitions, takeovers, government policies, etc.) that affect my company (and therefore, me)?
• Whom should I talk to if I receive unsubstantiated information about my company from the external or internal sources?
• How my company is planning to grow in coming 2-3 years?

CLOSING BELL:

Though the information needs become more specific, differentiated, and time sensitive as one moves up in the pecking order, it cannot be denied that the same information can be shared, of course, on a case-to-case basis, in different ways with different levels of the employees, at the same time or at different points of time. Reaching out to the employees at the right time is always a healthier option irrespective of whether the employees have voiced about their information needs. Information shared at a date later than the required, serves no purpose. All employees do not require all information, but some employees require some information. Correct?

Transparency in sharing of information implies ‘openness’, which is a key constituent of a healthy organizational culture. However, the degree of openness is a subjective criterion and it depends on the workforce’s collective perception, which is primarily influenced by the difference between the management’s advocated philosophy or business policy and the real practice of sharing the information. Transparency in sharing information is a key ingredient for trust-building between the employees & the management.

The real torch-bearer of the ‘transparency’ is the HR Head. She is not only accountable to make sure that every employee receives the ‘required’ information, but also should persuade or even insist when required, that the members of the senior management demonstrate openness and behavioral transparency, consistently.

‘Behavior speaks louder than words’ and here it means that no member of the senior management should be seen as ‘hiding’ or ‘suppressing’ or ‘tweaking’ the information. Practicing ‘transparency’ is an art as well as a science for HR the professionals. It is more an art when they have to be transparent themselves and it is more of a science when they have to make sure that the employees perceive the organization as transparent.

The Web offers unlimited opportunities for writers to make money from their writing skills. You can create and write blogs, sell articles, sell reviews and much more. It’s just a matter of getting started and following the simple process I’ll outline for you in this article.

Not a writer? Of course you are. If you’ve been writing email messages and reports for your day job, you qualify as a writer. A writer is just someone who writes.

So let’s look at the truth about selling your writing services online. Here it is in a nutshell: you must have something to sell, and you must have a Web site at which you promote your writing services.

Let’s look at this in four easy steps:

1. You must have a Web site to sell your writing services

If your eyes are rolling up in your head at the scary thought of creating a Web site, relax. There’s nothing scary about creating a blog on Blogger, for example. (Do a Google search for Blogger if you’re not familiar.) A blog is a Web site, and if you can write an email message, or use a word processor, you’ve got all the skills you need to set up a blog on Blogger.

2. Create samples so prospects can see the type of writing services you offer

Your next step is to decide what writing services you’ll offer. As stated, you can write articles and reviews, and these are easy options for you to get your feet wet.

Write a couple of articles and reviews, and post them on Blogger as your writing samples. Your samples should be around 400 words – there’s no need to write long screeds: Web writing tends to be shorter than print writing.

You can also add a “Hire me to write for you” note in the sidebar. This alerts people that you’re open to taking on writing jobs.

3. Add a way for people to contact you on your site

I’m constantly amazed at the number of writers for hire who’ll set up elegant sites and blogs, but totally neglect to mention that they’re available to write for others. Worse, even if a potential customer was psychic, and worked out that this writer was available, there’s no way for the customer to make contact.

Add your email address to your site’s sidebar, and create a “About” page, with a small bio. Add your email address to the bio, too.

When you’re offering your writing services, you must make it as easy as possible for people to both know exactly what you want them to do, and then for them to do it.

Writers are in high demand online, and you’ll be amazed at the numbers of clients who contact you when you make it easy for them to do so.

4. Finally, advertise and promote your site

Your final step in selling your writing services online is to advertise and promote your site. There are endless options for self-promotion online. One of the easiest ways is to advertise on Craigslist, because it’s popular and free.

So that’s the truth about selling your writing services online: you must have something to sell, and your Web site is the venue at which you sell it.

If your are an affiliate wanting to promote products online, and did not consider the art of soft selling to boost your affiliate commissions, you are probably behaving like the sales man who knocks on people’s doors only to get them slammed shut more often than not and because people do not like being sold to, they would naturally back away from you.

In online terms, there is nothing worst than not knowing the best course of action when it comes to promoting products and services. What do you think it’s going to happen when you blast emails to every person on your lists or put links around the forums? Let alone spam article directories with sales pitches for unrelated programs and services?

On the other hand, when your prospects are actually interested in buying something and they seek and get a second opinion from another customer or friend, who have already bought the product or know about it, they would more readily want to buy from you in this case than when you were simply acting as a hard sales person.

The fact is that people buy into people and this principle is real also on the web. So when someone gives an opinion about somebody else and his services or products, the results is much more powerful than selling face to face. This form of referral is what is known as soft selling and it can be achieved mostly through reviews of products and services or from word of mouth of course.

If you write reviews about services or products that you have or know about and post these articles all over the web, provided they contain the most targeted keywords possible, the search engines will pick them up and index them high in the rankings. Clearly then, these reviews will give your products a lot of exposure to create traffic to your sites and thus boost your commissions.

This is not going to work very well for highly targeted very competitive words where the big companies are already spending huge amounts of cash on back links to stay at the top of the rankings but if you go after the long tail keywords that target derivatives of the main expensive keywords or subsets of the niches you are in, followed by “review”, you can go to the top of the rankings as well to give you the chance of picking more commissions.

Soft selling a product then can be done very well by recommending it, after you have used it yourself, know about it through comments on forums or by studying the benefits given in its sales letter. In other words, you are doing a review of it and highlighting what the product can do for your customers as well.

In the soft selling reviews that you make, you will include the links to the merchant’s product, in addition to what you discovered about the product and how its benefits far out weight any minor faults that you find. That is why you recommend it, since it worked for you and you know it will work for everyone else. Oh, and use at least twice the link to the merchant in your article review.

Tell your audience how their success online will reflect how well they can position themselves against their competition and how the services and products that you recommend will help them achieve that status. When you demonstrate what the products that you soft sell to your customers can do for them, they are bound to take action to try them out.

Remember that these articles reviews type of soft selling can be sent to the social networks. Yes use the main ones at least; just Google the top 10 and shoot them these review-articles type of soft selling recommendations. You’ll be pleasantly surprised at the amount of targeted traffic that this tactic generated for you, making you lots of sales for your online business.

Use the article directories as well. Again, find out the top 10 and post these review-articles that at least include in your bio your affiliate links for the products that you promote. There may be some directories that may not allow you to do that so it is best to look at their terms and conditions first.

If you also send shortened reviews of products in your auto responder, this alone can multiply your sales as your own customers will trust your recommendations for the products they are after.

You actually can make money out of the article-review type of recommendations you create. When you have a good number of them, you could set up a review site and sell them in group form or individually. There is a lot of potential for these reviews when you packaged them in a themed review type site.

Think about the millions of searches going through Google at any time with people thinking about getting products and not knowing if they are good for them. See? Many of them need a final push to make that decision to buy and you can provide them the answer with your social proof and action taken recommendations to buy.

German Calvo.

In this article we will answer the following questions and a whole lot more:

• What is a request for information?
• Under what conditions can I request information?
• What can I do if the company refuses to give me the information I requested?

The request for information comes from the obligation and duty to bargain and applies to contract negotiations as well as the grievance procedures that follow.

Congress enacted the National Labor Relations Act (“NLRA”) in 1935 to protect the rights of employees and employers, to encourage collective bargaining, and to curtail certain private sector labor and management practices, which can harm the general welfare of workers, businesses and the U.S. economy.

An employer who refuses to provide information or unreasonably delays the provision of information violates Section 8(a)(5) of the Act.

Information can be requested by a Union who is certified to represent company’s employees for the following reasons:

• To prepare for collective bargaining negotiations
• To monitor the Collective Bargaining Agreement (CBA)
• To investigate a grievance

In order for a request to be valid it must somehow relate to one of the above issues.

For example, a Union is preparing for negotiations and requests a copy of all workplace rules and regulations, a list of all positions to include their duties, responsibilities and where their position is located at.

Another example would be if a Union was investigating the discharge of a member. The Union could request a copy of all information used by the employer to decide to terminate the member, including but not limited to, all evidence, statements, emails, photographs, video recordings, audio recordings, photographs and any notes.

Even though a grievance is not necessary to request information it is recommended that the Union has some form of probable cause to justify a request. It does not hurt the Union’s case to be able to articulate the reasons behind their request.

What types of information can the Union request?

It would actually be easier to list all of the information the Union cannot require from the employer. Here are a few examples of information that is not allowed:

• Information covered by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA)
• Trade secrets covered as propriety information
• Information which the employer has consistently enforced a policy barring disclosure so long as the employer provides an alternative or substitute form of disclosure

In order for your request to be effective it must contain the following items:

• It must clearly identify the information being requested.
• If the request is in connection to another matter such as a grievance it must be clearly referenced.

The following items are highly recommended:

• Clearly state where the information is to be delivered
• Clearly state how the information is to be delivered
• Clearly state when the information is expected to be delivered
• Clearly state that if any part of the request is denied the employer must state this fact in its response

Now let’s talk about delivery. In order for a request to be effective you must have proof of delivery. This can be accomplished in several ways. They are:

• Via certified mail, return receipt requested.
• By hand delivery, with a statement from the person performing the delivery.
• By fax or by email along with a confirmation copy, a reply or a phone call verifying that it was actually delivered.

What can you do if the company refuses or fails to provide the information requested?

The agency that enforces the National Labor Relations Act is the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB).

The NLRB is an independent agency of the United States government charged with investigating and remedying unfair labor practices. As previously mentioned, an employer who refuses to provide information or unreasonably delays the provision of information violates Section 8(a)(5) of the Act.

This next part will depend how your Union is set up. Many organizations require Locals to go through their parent organization in order to file NLRB charges. You should check with your National or International before moving forward.

For those Locals or Independent Unions who are left to fend for themselves you can file the charges in two ways. You can fill out the forms yourself and either walk them into the NLRB or fax them in, or you can call the NLRB and the Information Officer (who normally answers the phone) will take the necessary information from you.

After a few days an Agent will contact you and tell you what you will need to do. Be prepared to provide an affidavit under oath as well as provide all relevant information or witnesses to support your case.

Generally speaking, NLRB charges filed over refusals to provide information are not subject to the NLRB’s policy of deferral.

This means that the NLRB will fully investigate the issue and if the violation is found to be valid, the NLRB can order the employer to provide the information requested.

Introduction

Information at the heart of everything we do as humans. We generate it, we consume it, we share it and we sell it. The careful managing of information is therefore the key to success in business. An introduction to information dissemination in a business provides a solid overview of the role of information dissemination. It gives guidelines on collecting the right information to the right people to support the firms. ‘ strategic objectives and “oil” the everyday operations of the business.

Definition

Dilman 1978, defined dissemination of information is the active and targeted distribution of information or intervention via determined channels using planned strategies to a specific public or audience.

Dissemination is a formal planned process with the intent of spreading knowledge and enhance the integration of the evidence, information, intervention or combinations of these into routine practice. Information dissemination has been characterized as a necessary and sufficient antecedent of adoption and implementation of organisational policies (Dilman, 1978).

Importance of Information Dissemination in Service Delivery

Before assessing the various approaches used to disseminate information, it is worth revisiting the reasons for disseminating information. There are usually good reasons why organisations decide to disseminate information. These reasons are not necessarily independent of one another but can nonetheless be categorized to emphasis the motivation of an organization when initiating dissemination. The reasons are usually to increase the value of one or more of the following attributes of the enterprise shareholders. The following among others are the reasons for information dissemination in organisations:

To Create Awareness: Information is often disseminated in order to educate, explain or promote a concept, process or principle. For example, technical specifications explaining system capabilities, instruction about alternatives to avoid congested transport routes and guidelines for the completion of work in order to ensure consistent appearance of project deliverables are all ways in which information is disseminated to generally encourage recipients to comply with a procedure in the belief of organizational or enterprise improvements.

To Enhance the Response of Customers: Sometimes information is disseminated solely in the hope it will cause some feedback that might require further information to be generated or be used to validate something. Examples include advertising, questionnaires, market surveys frequently asked question list and testimonials.

To allow Collaboration: Information is often disseminated in order for a group of individuals to share knowledge and routes of communication. Examples include workflow systems to support the flow of information between system entities in order to achieve a common purpose, mailing lists where like minded individuals can listen to and discuss common issues, libraries where people can access information, and control system where probes might detect and transmit warnings about certain event(Fink, 1983).

Background of Audit Service Sierra Leone (ASSL)

Audit Services Sierra Leone is the supreme audit institution of Sierra Leone section 119 of the 1991 constitution of Sierra Leone provides for the establishment of the offices and functions of the Auditor General. It started with establishment of the Audit Act of 1962. It was later called the Auditor General’s Department then the office was moved from the Audit General’s Department to Audit service Sierra Leone due to the Audit service Act 1998 which was implemented in 2004. The Act also created an Audit Service Board (ASB) an Advisory Board which has the power to appoint persons, other than the Auditor General to hold or act in offices as member of the Audit service and to exercise disciplinary control over such persons.

The Audit Service Sierra Leone is headed by the Auditor General who is assisted by four deputies. Its headquarters is at Lotto Building in Freetown with other offices in Freetown, Bo, Makeni and Kenema. Also, the Auditor Generals Mandate is specified in section 119 sub sections “2” of the 1991 constitution. It provides for the Auditor General to audit all government ministries, department, agencies, educational institutions and any other statutory body set up partly or wholly out of public funds. This mandate now includes the 39 aligned ministries and departments’ 19 council’s one hundred and forty-nine chiefdom authorities, 64 statutory bodies and donor funded projects.

Methods of Information Dissemination at the Audit Service Sierra Leone

This organisation uses both manual and electronic for Information dissemination:

Manual means of Information Delivery Dissemination.

The manual means of information dissemination in the Audit Service Sierra Leone are as follow:
• Printed copy of the Auditor General report and other document.
• Disseminate of copy of the Auditor General report and other report to various people.
• Disseminating of the Audit Services newsletter internally and externally to various takes holder.
• Organising meetings with civil society group.
• Awareness raising programs in various schools, groups and universities.

Electronic means of Information Delivery Dissemination.

The electronic means of information dissemination in the Audit Service Sierra Leone are as follow:
• Publishing the Auditor General (AG) report on the Audit Services web-site.
• Airing of the Audit Service juggle of various radio service.
• Disseminating of information through social media eg. Facebook, Whatsapp and Tango etc.
• Organising radio discussions or programs on various radio stations. During the radio programmes, listeners were given the opportunity to respond to issues discussed by making phone calls and sending text messages to numbers that were announced to them. The panelists responded adequately to the questions and comments during the radio programmes.
• Radio jingle-As part of the awareness raising programmes, the communication division produced a radio jingle in English and it was later translate in four local languages (Mende, Temne, Krio and Limba). The jingles are aired on various radio stations in the country.

Users of Information at the Audit Service Sierra Leone

A user of information is a person or an organization using the information created by another institution or organisation. In using the information the users are most often identifiable in advance. They use information on a daily basis because of certain work, assignment or work tasks. The following are the Information service of Audit Service Sierra Leone:

Administrative Personnel

Employees of an organization and staff of the HRM department to be specific can access records about their operational and organisation maintenance to make correct decision and solve administrative problems. Directors within the HRM will also obtain information from the record department for taking decisions pertaining promotion, recruitment, transfer and payment of retirement benefits.

Researcher / External user

Audit services are research oriented as a matter of fact, researchers use their information to gain knowledge of the department or the civil service researching on the activities and initiatives of the government. The outcome of these research activities is normally for academic purposes which will help the researcher to gain an in depth knowledge about the ways staff or civil servants, are recruited, promoted, and terminated.

Journalists

The other important users of the information generated at the Audit service office are journalist who may want to investigate claims pertaining poor recruitment and appointment of personnel in the various departments.

Types of Information Acquired at the Audit Service Sierra Leone

Operation Audit Information

A Future- oriented, systematic and independent evaluation of organization activities. Financial data may be used, but the primary sources of evidence are the operational policies and achievements related to organizational objectives. Internal controls and efficiencies may be evaluated during this types of information review.

Financial Information Audit

A historically oriented, independent evaluation performed for the purpose of attesting to the fairness, accuracy, and reliability of financial data. External auditors need this type of information.

Department Information Review
A current period analysis of administration functions to evaluate the adequacy of controls, safeguarding of assets, efficient use of resources, compliance with related laws, regulations and universal policy and integrity of financial information.

Investigative Information Audit

This types of information takes place as a result of a report of unusual or suspicious activity on the part of an individual or a department. It is usually focused on specific aspects of the work of a department or individual. All members of the community are invited to report suspicions of improper activity to the Director of Internal Auditing Services on a confidential basis.

Follow up Information Audit

These are information conducted approximately six months after an internal or external audit report has been issued. They are designed to evaluate corrective action that has been taken on the audit issues reported in the original report when these follow up audits information are done an external auditors reports, the results of the follow up may be reported to those external auditors.

Integrated Information Audit

This is a combination of an operational audit, department review, and its audit application controls review. This type of review allows for a functional operation within the institution (Silver, 2010).

Challenges faced in Information Dissemination at the Audit Service Sierra Leone

Some problems that Audit service encounters with audit information are highlighted as follows:

Finance Problem

One problem that is affecting the institution’s information delivery is finance, and for any organization to survive or sustain thorough development these should be some amount of finance. The organisation faces financial serious challenges in their information service delivery.

Poor Planning of Information Service

The information service is not well effective in the audit service because the people responsible for that are not professionally trained. Only few of them have the capability to do the work in the audit department because of the fact that the information is not received at the right time in line with the needs of the users. The committee does not meet regularly to discuss issues on that.

Lack of Adequate Staff

The challenge of inadequate and untrained staffing situation poses a serious problem for the smooth running of the organisation. The issue of inappropriate staffing can hamper the smooth handling and delivery of information.

In conclusion, information delivery of audit information plays a vital crucial role in the effective management of staff, in any organization. Information is at the heart of any organization or institution that performs the activities related to learning, teaching, research and generation of new knowledge. The goal of information delivery at audit service is to attract and retain a workforce that will enable the institution or organization to achieve its purpose and objectives. However, this work has considered some of the more common pitfalls that hamper effective in Information dissemination which auditors should avoid during the source of their work.

Even though there is a booming number of Forex Robots in the internet that today, we can actually say that, not everything of this robot is needed. Some might people think that, though there is so much Forex Robot, each of these robots works specifically on a trader; not everything in the software is suitable for us. So, delve more time in looking for that Forex Robot that is customized only for you, because in such a way, you might be confused with the use of the Forex Robot; there is a big possibility that it might ruin your business even if they work well with other people.

This, in fact, can never be the best sit situation, that you would have a hard time searching for the robot that would specifically meet your needs. Traders now are having a long time from reading reviews, and make comparisons on the programs found on the software. This can be a good thing for you, if you would a good time now in looking for software than can somehow meet your trading techniques, and for you to be able to compare every inch of the Forex Robot with the other. Even if, there are a lot of good things that were said about a certain robot, one might actually ask if they are true. Surely, to find out is to research very well on the Forex Robot that you wanted to purchase for you not to be scammed.

Reviews about robot software act as guide. In this case, you would be aided in such a way that you can now pick that correct robot for you. In any case that you chose a Robot, these reviews are here for you to check if they can work well for you, and make you more money, rather than by just ruining your precious investment. Vendors of these Robots posts some reviews about them on their websites, for you to read them, and actually follow them for you to have a god set-up for the system.

There are certain characteristics that we can delve into for us to see which robots are the right ones for you; reviews help you out in choosing. The following that are listed below would help you from differentiating a good review from a bad one.

Firstly, some reviews would only say good thing about a Forex Robot, never the bad thing. This would just tell you that everything about the robot is good for you, which is really not. So, in a way, maker of this software just give away these reviews, for you to buy the product. It is not actually a review; it’s a selling review, for you to just read all the good stuff about the robot. You can’t seem to see any flaws in their product. In any case, good reviews always tell everything about the robot, even the bad and the positive thing about them; for you to avoid buying the scams.

And also, check the hyperlink of the main page of the review you are reading. A good review is often less in hyperlink. Some maliciously sold product s usually has so many hyperlinks on them, like on every sentence you can see hyperlinks; this can be really annoying.

And lastly, don’t read reviews with so much exclamation point. These are just claims, often leading to scams. The best Forex Robot does not depend on ranking, or saying that they are number one, but on the good reviews written about them and some comments that were said about them.

There are so many Forex Robots out there, and also reviews. The best of the best Forex Robot are from a respectable websites. In such a way that you would have a good review, there you can see the best Forex Robot.

Scholarship, Practice, and Leadership

Information literacy is extremely important in the health and wellness industry, more specifically in the personal training field. It takes a short amount of time and education to become a personal trainer, and the pay is relatively high for what a person needs accomplish to become certified. An abundance of personal trainers exists because of the high pay, the short amount of time it takes to become certified, and the growing need for society to improve their health. In order for a personal trainer to stand out and become sought-after for their repeated results and excellent workouts, the trainer must be an expert at researching information, comprehending new research, and applying both.

In the article How we Failed the Net Generation, Badke discusses the World Wide Web saying, “… few of us had any idea what it would become in less than 2 decades. Many of our students grew up with the web, so for them it is not a novelty. It’s mainstream. It’s embedded in their lives” (Badke, 2009, p. 47). Most personal trainers only have completed a certification, very limited in information about exercise science, and not a degree at a college or university. Because of their lack of education, the first place most trainers turn for their information is the World Wide Web and not scholarly, peer reviewed research studies. The Internet is not a credible source for information. Anyone can write a blog or post fitness workouts and nutrition information based solely on opinion, and not scientific studies. In order for a personal trainer to ensure they are providing safe and effective workouts to their clients, the trainer must be able not only to read and study research studies but also keep up with the changing information.

One topic not taught in a personal training certification is how to find and decipher sound fitness information. Pia Russell discusses how students are facing the same issues as personal trainers in their studies.

Students have difficulty evaluating the glut of information available, and to cope they frequently depend on quick but questionable sources, like Dictionary.com, which can result in a blind acceptance of advertising-based information, or sources that depend on a truth by consensus approach such as Wikipedia. (Russell, 2009, p. 92).

In order for a personal trainer to be an expert in their field, someone people will listen to, and follow, the trainer needs to stay up-to-date on current research. Personal trainers need to know how to search for information when they face questions they are unsure of. A personal trainer’s job is not only to provide an effective workout but also to educate their clients with researched based information.

Larissa Turusheva discusses the importance of information competence in lifelong learning and education. In Larissa’s study she states,

Information competence is a skill:

• to determine the size of the necessary information;

• to use the necessary information effectively;

• to evaluate the information and its sources critically;

• to develop own knowledge base with the information chosen;

• to effectively use the information for goal achievement;

• to use the information ethically (ACRL, 2000). (Turusheva, 2009, p. 2).

In the personal training field every skill involved in information competence is important. A personal trainer must determine which information is important and which information is not. The trainer needs to evaluate where the information is coming from and apply the necessary information to help the trainer’s clients reach his or her goals fast and effectively. The most important skill a trainer must apply in information competency is using the information ethically. It is unethical for a personal trainer who knows their client has a heart condition to instruct their client to do contraindicative exercises when the trainer knows those exercises put the client at risk. This situation could occur for many reasons. The trainer could be working with a group and does not want to give an alternate exercise or the trainer could want to push their client harder. Implementing ethical practices is part of information competence and extremely important in the personal training profession.

Leo Appleton conducted a study about the information competency skills of student midwives. In the study, the students were taught information research skills and the grading requirements became stricter to promote credible information sources. The results of Appleton’s study showed, “Students reported increased confidence in using library and information resources. Appropriate and timely information-skills training embedded into health-studies curricula can lead to students becoming independent and lifelong learners, as well as improving the standard of their academic work” (Appleton, 2005, p. 1). Not only were these students able to learn how to effectively search and decipher information during their schooling, but also, the training followed the students into their careers in the health field. Personal trainers who have information competency will be able to provide their clients with everything they need to be successful, long term.
Conclusion

Information literacy is vital in every profession and should be taught and enforced when students are in school. Students need to be taught the valuable skills needed to conduct quality research and decipher the material. Those skills will follow students into their careers, where they will be considered experts in their field and leaders. Even if the students are just trying to become certified in a certain field, those skills should be taught during the certification process. Most personal trainers receive only a certification and are never taught how to research accurate information. Because of this the trainers turn to the Internet for their answers. In turn, many personal trainers are making recommendations to their clients based on opinion and not research. This practice has serious implications for the health of their clients and the personal trainer’s credibility. Personal trainers must learn the skill of literacy competence.
To your health,

Jessica Summerall

References

Appleton, L. (2005). Examination of the impact of information-skills training on the academic work of health-studies students: a single case study. Health Information & Libraries Journal, 22(3), 164-172. doi:10.1111/j.1471-1842.2005.00576.x

Badke, W. (2009). How we failed the net generation. Online, 33(4), 47-49.

Russell, P. (2009). Why Universities Need Information Literacy Now More than Ever. Feliciter, 55(3), 92.

Turusheva, L. (2009). STUDENTS’ INFORMATION COMPETENCE AND ITS IMPORTANCE FOR LIFE-LONG EDUCATION. Problems Of Education In The 21St Century, 12126-132.